Docker Quick Tutorial

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Docker Quick Tutorial

Docker is a collection of platform as a service (PaaS) products that use operating-system-level virtualization to deliver software in packages called containers. Containers are fully isolated from each other and are a standard unit of software that packages up code and all of its dependencies so the application runs quickly and reliably from one computing environment to another. This makes containers a great tool for reproducing development environments, as well as serving reproducible applications in production. In this quick tutorial, we’ll get started with Docker.


Install Docker for your OS.

We’ll be using Docker for Windows and the Docker docs show you how to Install Docker Desktop on Windows here.

Download Docker


Launch Docker and Begin The Tutorial

After the install completes you will be given the option to complete a tutorial, and that is what you should do straight away.

0 Get started with docker easy steps


Clone A Repository

In order to launch a container we first need to clone a repository from Github. If you’re new to Git you can check out the Git For Beginners tutorial to become familiar. The Getting Started project is a simple GitHub repository which contains everything you need to build an image and run it as a container.

git clone https://github.com/docker/getting-started

1 docker clone a repository


Build The Image

A Docker image is a private file system just for your container. It provides all the files and software your container needs.

cd getting-started
docker build -t docker101tutorial

2 docker build image after clone repo


Run A Container

Start a container based on the image you built in the previous step. Running a container launches your application with private resources, securely isolated from the rest of your machine.

docker run -d -p 80:80 --name docker-tutorial docker101tutorial

3 docker run your first container


(Optional) Sign Up With Docker Hub

Docker hub is a wonderful resource for you to find literally any software in the world to run in your containers.
Access the world’s largest library of container images!

4 docker save image to docker hub optional


View Container In Dashboard

In the Docker Dashboard, you will see the container up and running with a few options. We can click the View in Browser option to see the fruits of our labor.

5 docker container image now running

Your Web Browser should launch automatically and navigate to http://localhost/tutorial, which is the running application that you just launched on your local machine using Docker!

docker tutorial application running

The tutorial included in the newly launched app is superb. It covers everything you need to know, and will likely answer a lot of questions you may have, especially if you are coming from a virtual machine workflow background. The following topics are covered:


Docker Quick Reference

Congratulations, you got your first container up and running. The following is a nice reference for quickly using available Docker commands.

docker build

Build an image from the Dockerfile in the current directory and tag the image
docker build -t myimage:1.0 .

List all images that are locally stored with the Docker Engine
docker image ls

Delete an image from the local image store
docker image rm alpine:3.4

docker run
Run a container from the Alpine version 3.9 image, name the running container “web” and expose port 5000 externally, mapped to port 80 inside the container.
docker container run –name web -p 5000:80 alpine:3.9

Stop a running container through SIGTERM
docker container stop web

Stop a running container through SIGKILL
docker container kill web

List the networks
docker network ls

List the running containers (add –all to include stopped containers)
docker container ls –all

Delete all running and stopped containers
docker container rm -f $(docker ps -aq)

Print the last 100 lines of a container’s logs
docker container logs –tail 100 web

docker share
Pull an image from a registry
docker pull myimage:1.0

Retag a local image with a new image name and tag
docker tag myimage:1.0 myrepo/myimage:2.0

Push an image to a registry
docker push myrepo/myimage:2.0


Docker Management

docker 

  builder     Manage builds
    build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
    prune       Remove build cache

  config      Manage Docker configs
    create      Create a config from a file or STDIN
    inspect     Display detailed information on one or more configs
    ls          List configs
    rm          Remove one or more configs

  container   Manage containers
    attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
    commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
    cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
    create      Create a new container
    diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
    exec        Run a command in a running container
    export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
    inspect     Display detailed information on one or more containers
    kill        Kill one or more running containers
    logs        Fetch the logs of a container
    ls          List containers
    pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
    port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
    prune       Remove all stopped containers
    rename      Rename a container
    restart     Restart one or more containers
    rm          Remove one or more containers
    run         Run a command in a new container
    start       Start one or more stopped containers
    stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
    stop        Stop one or more running containers
    top         Display the running processes of a container
    unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
    update      Update configuration of one or more containers
    wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

  context     Manage contexts
    create      Create new context
    inspect     Display detailed information on one or more contexts
    list        List available contexts
    rm          Remove one or more contexts
    show        Print the current context
    use         Set the default context

  image       Manage images
    build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
    history     Show the history of an image
    import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
    inspect     Display detailed information on one or more images
    load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
    ls          List images
    prune       Remove unused images
    pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
    push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
    rm          Remove one or more images
    save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
    tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE

  network     Manage networks
    connect     Connect a container to a network
    create      Create a network
    disconnect  Disconnect a container from a network
    inspect     Display detailed information on one or more networks
    ls          List networks
    prune       Remove all unused networks
    rm          Remove one or more networks

  node        Manage Swarm nodes
    demote      Demote one or more nodes from manager in the swarm
    inspect     Display detailed information on one or more nodes
    ls          List nodes in the swarm
    promote     Promote one or more nodes to manager in the swarm
    ps          List tasks running on one or more nodes, defaults to current node
    rm          Remove one or more nodes from the swarm
    update      Update a node

  plugin      Manage plugins
    create      Create a plugin from a rootfs and configuration. Plugin data directory 
                must contain config.json and rootfs directory.
    disable     Disable a plugin
    enable      Enable a plugin
    inspect     Display detailed information on one or more plugins
    install     Install a plugin
    ls          List plugins
    push        Push a plugin to a registry
    rm          Remove one or more plugins
    set         Change settings for a plugin
    upgrade     Upgrade an existing plugin

  secret      Manage Docker secrets
    create      Create a secret from a file or STDIN as content
    inspect     Display detailed information on one or more secrets
    ls          List secrets
    rm          Remove one or more secrets

  service     Manage services
    create      Create a new service
    inspect     Display detailed information on one or more services
    logs        Fetch the logs of a service or task
    ls          List services
    ps          List the tasks of one or more services
    rm          Remove one or more services
    rollback    Revert changes to a service's configuration
    scale       Scale one or multiple replicated services
    update      Update a service

  stack       Manage Docker stacks
    deploy      Deploy a new stack or update an existing stack
    ls          List stacks
    ps          List the tasks in the stack
    rm          Remove one or more stacks
    services    List the services in the stack

  swarm       Manage Swarm
    ca          Display and rotate the root CA
    init        Initialize a swarm
    join        Join a swarm as a node and/or manager
    join-token  Manage join tokens
    leave       Leave the swarm
    unlock      Unlock swarm
    unlock-key  Manage the unlock key
    update      Update the swarm

  system      Manage Docker
    df          Show docker disk usage
    events      Get real time events from the server
    info        Display system-wide information
    prune       Remove unused data

  trust       Manage trust on Docker images
    key         Manage keys for signing Docker images
      generate    Generate and load a signing key-pair
      load        Load a private key file for signing

    signer      Manage entities who can sign Docker images
      add         Add a signer
      remove      Remove a signer

  volume      Manage volumes
    create      Create a volume
    inspect     Display detailed information on one or more volumes
    ls          List volumes
    prune       Remove all unused local volumes
    rm          Remove one or more volumes


Commands:
  attach      Attach local standard input, output, and error streams to a running container
  build       Build an image from a Dockerfile
  commit      Create a new image from a container's changes
  cp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystem
  create      Create a new container
  diff        Inspect changes to files or directories on a container's filesystem
  events      Get real time events from the server
  exec        Run a command in a running container
  export      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archive
  history     Show the history of an image
  images      List images
  import      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem image
  info        Display system-wide information
  inspect     Return low-level information on Docker objects
  kill        Kill one or more running containers
  load        Load an image from a tar archive or STDIN
  login       Log in to a Docker registry
  logout      Log out from a Docker registry
  logs        Fetch the logs of a container
  pause       Pause all processes within one or more containers
  port        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the container
  ps          List containers
  pull        Pull an image or a repository from a registry
  push        Push an image or a repository to a registry
  rename      Rename a container
  restart     Restart one or more containers
  rm          Remove one or more containers
  rmi         Remove one or more images
  run         Run a command in a new container
  save        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)
  search      Search the Docker Hub for images
  start       Start one or more stopped containers
  stats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statistics
  stop        Stop one or more running containers
  tag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGE
  top         Display the running processes of a container
  unpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containers
  update      Update configuration of one or more containers
  version     Show the Docker version information
  wait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codes

Learn More About Docker

Docker Quick Tutorial Summary

This should give you a basic understanding of how Docker operates with a grasp of the key Docker concepts. At its most basic level, Docker is simply images and containers. Learning how to leverage these technologies is a huge benefit to software developers, small businesses, and fortune 500 companies alike.

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